Le spectacle penal a Paris au XVIIIe siecle

详细信息   

• 作者：Bastien ; Pascal
• 学历：Doctor
• 年：2002
• 关键词：Social sciences ; Paris ; French text ; Eighteenth centu
• 导师：Dolan,Claire,Michembled,Robert
• 毕业院校：Universite Laval
• 专业：History;American history
• ISBN：9780612723818,061272381X
• CBH：NQ72381
• Country：Canada
• 语种：English
• FileSize：26960693
• Pages：443

文摘

The object of this thesis is to analyse early modern French rituals of execution within a precise historical time and place. It is a method which the models of interpretation put forth by French historiography,panoramic in scale,have generally neglected,without however renewing the theory presented by Foucault in 1975. For in eighteenth-century Paris,the execution was omnipresent: twice a week,on average,in the "accustomed places and crossroads of the capital",a convicted criminal was flogged by the executioner. From this perspective,the fundamental social,political and judicial phenomenon which is the execution shall be examined,utilising two complementary but distinct analytical methodologies encompassing a plethora of sources: the statistics wrought from existing judicial archives,and the study of narrative sources from the descriptions of crime and punishment recorded by five eighteenth-century Parisians. These documents reveal,particularly from the 1750s onward,the emergence of a new and developing judicial rhetoric confirmed by both the increase in the printing of parliamentary judgements and the need to justify the decisions of the court which were no longer infallible and indisputable. In addition to these documents,the second part of the investigation employs the final judgements of the various courts in the capital,as well as law treaties,other narrative sources and some iconographical examples,demonstrating that the ritual,far from being immobile and archaic,constantly evolved according to each circumstance,adjusting with ease to either urban constraints or cultural changes. Finally,the third part explains the phenomenon of the execution in light of the new political culture of the Enlightenment. During this period,the Parliament of Paris,paradoxically the representative of a burgeoning public opinion and the target of criticisms against the judiciary system it represented,orchestrated,with the penal spectacle playing the important role of intermediary,the displacement of the sentiment of the raison d'Etat toward that of the salut public .