Fault-tolerant sensor coverage for achieving desired coverage lifetime with minimum cost.
详细信息
文摘
A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a network of sensor nodes equipped with sensing devices, embedded processors, and wireless communication devices, which provides a new way to gather data in the physical environment. Sensor nodes may fail due to component or software malfunctions, signal interference, severe weather, or other harsh physical conditions in the environment. This dissertation focuses on minimizing the cost of providing fault-tolerant sensor coverage in wireless sensor networks.;In particular, this dissertation studies how to select and arrange multiple types of wireless sensors to meet the coverage requirement, the lifetime requirement, the fault-tolerance requirement, and the minimum-cost requirement, where the wireless sensor network lifetime, the acceptable failure probability of the network, and the failure rate of each type of sensors are given as parameters. This problem is NP-hard.;We propose an analytical model based on reliability theory, and formulate an integer linear programming (ILP) model for the minimization problem. We present an efficient approximation algorithm to find a feasible solution to the ILP model, which provides a sensor arrangement including sensor types, the number of sensors at each site, and a sensor sleep/active schedule. We show that our approximation provides solutions with approximation ratios less than 1.4 through numerical experiments.