Assessing Integrated Conservation and Development in Indonesia.

详细信息   

• 作者：Carr Kelman ; Candice.
• 学历：Ph.D.
• 年：2010
• 导师：Matthew, Richard A.,eadvisorBollens, Scott A.ecommittee memberFeldman, David L.ecommittee member
• 毕业院校：University of California
• Department：Planning, Policy, and Design - Ph.D
• ISBN：9781109691252
• CBH：3397319
• Country：USA
• 语种：English
• FileSize：9190101
• Pages：400

文摘

This dissertation investigates the linkage between biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. It seeks to discover ways that the practice of tropical biodiversity conservation can be socially just and meet its goals of habitat and species preservation. By assessing four Integrated Conservation and Development Projects ICDPs) conducted in Indonesian National Parks during the 1990s, this qualitative research describes the lasting impacts of each one, and seeks to explain which aspects of these projects were successful and sustainable and why. Although ICDPs are often regarded as failures, a closer look reveals some more nuanced results, providing insights regarding best practices for reconciling the conservation of biodiversity with the improvement of human well-being. As a small-N case study comparison, this study combines positivist and interpretivist approaches. Field research was conducted mainly through open-ended, semi-structured interviews and review of archival records. The process of implementation of each ICDP was traced and compared with the other case studies to evaluate the relative success of each project. The four major findings and contributions of this dissertation address three overarching themes: effectiveness of biodiversity conservation efforts, socially just biodiversity conservation, and sustainable rural development. First, small-scale and community-level development projects are inadequate and relatively ineffective) conservation tools. They can be helpful incentives, but only in a context where there is rule of law, effective and sufficient law enforcement, and good governance. Incentives are not sufficient for protection of biodiversity. Local communities do not present the main threat to biodiversity or ecosystems, and focusing on them can be a distraction from more pressing threats to conservation, such as ineffective systems of governance. Second, good governance is the best protection for biodiversity and people. The best model in the context of parks is one of adaptive co-management where all stakeholders have a seat at the table, and policies and solutions are reached collaboratively. Third, short-term donor-driven conservation projects are unsustainable by nature. There is an urgent need in conservation for greater commitments of time and continuity of actors on the ground. Finally, human development and certain types of infrastructure development are more compatible with biodiversity conservation than economic development.