Impacts of demand response and renewable generation in electricity power market.
详细信息
文摘
This thesis presents the objective of the research which is to analyze the impacts of uncertain wind power and demand response on power systems operation and power market clearing. First,in order to effectively utilize available wind generation,it is usually given the highest priority by assigning zero or negative energy bidding prices when clearing the day-ahead electric power market. However,when congestion occurs,negative wind bidding prices would aggravate locational marginal prices LMPs) to be negative in certain locations. A load shifting model is explored to alleviate possible congestions and enhance the utilization of wind generation,by shifting proper amount of load from peak hours to off peaks. The problem is to determine proper amount of load to be shifted,for enhancing the utilization of wind generation,alleviating transmission congestions,and making LMPs to be non-negative values. The second piece of work considered the price-based demand response DR) program which is a mechanism for electricity consumers to dynamically manage their energy consumption in response to time-varying electricity prices. It encourages consumers to reduce their energy consumption when electricity prices are high,and thereby reduce the peak electricity demand and alleviate the pressure to power systems. However,it brings additional dynamics and new challenges on the real-time supply and demand balance. Specifically,price-sensitive DR load levels are constantly changing in response to dynamic real-time electricity prices,which will impact the economic dispatch ED) schedule and in turn affect electricity market clearing prices. This thesis adopts two methods for examining the impacts of different DR price elasticity characteristics on the stability performance: a closed-loop iterative simulation method and a non-iterative method based on the contraction mapping theorem. This thesis also analyzes the financial stability of DR load consumers,by incorporating explicit LMP formulations and consumer payment requirements into the network-constrained unit commitment NCUC) problem. The proposed model determines the proper amount of DR loads to be shifted from peak hours to off-peaks under ISOs direct load control,for reducing the operation cost and ensuring that consumer payments of DR loads will not deteriorate significantly after load shifting. Both MINLP and MILP models are discussed,and improved formulation strategies are presented.