Schizonomics Remapping La Habana's black market.
详细信息
- 作者：Vignoli ; Gabriel.
- 学历：Doctor
- 年：2014
- 关键词：multiple currency regimes ; black market as a mode
- 毕业院校：The New School
- Department：Anthropology.
- ISBN：9781321003673
- CBH：3625945
- Country：USA
- 语种：English
- FileSize：5427637
- Pages：341
文摘
This study,based on 14 months of in situ fieldwork,looks at Havanas black market and its transformations following the structural reforms the government has undertaken since 2010. I focus in particular on the effect of private self-entrepreneurship cuentapropismo) on the changing dynamics of the black market. After an often silenced elastic history of criminalization 1968),legalization 1978),criminalization 1980s),legalization 1993),criminalization 1996) and final re-legalization 2010),cuentapropismo is apparently here to stay as a back-bone to the reform aimed at "improving socialism" in the island. What this study argues is that given the peculiarity of Havanas economic history since the 1959 Revolution and the absence of a wholesale market,cuentapropismo is transforming the black market from an alternative site of socio-economic redistribution with respect to state redistribution---a role the black market has successfully covered since the 1960s---into a site of progressive differentiation and polarization. This qualitative transformation of the black market is ushering in a change in the social predicament of common habaneros: from a shared experience of crisis originating in the 1990s after the collapse of the USSR and the attendant subsidization of the Cuban economy,toward an ever more individualizing perception of risk emerging through the ongoing reforms. This in a context marred by the concomitant presence of two currencies CUP and CUC),both void of international legal tender and circulating with multiple exchange rates； a salary that in the words of the president Raul Castro is unfit to live on； and the institutionalization of direct income tax for cuentapropistas for the first time since 1959,which produces both new criminal typologies fiscal evasion) and reconfigures the social contract between the people and the state whereby state redistribution is supplanted by state-capture and the socialist New Man working for moral rewards is substituted by the cuentapropista working for material gain as the new homo economicus. .