Sensitivity of battery electric vehicle economics to drive patterns, vehicle range, and charge strategies
- 作者：Jeremy Neubauer ; Jeremy.neubauer@nrel.gov ; jeremy.s.neubauer@gmail.com ; Aaron Brooker ; Eric Wood
- 关键词：BEV ; battery electric vehicle ; BOM ; Battery Ownership Model ; CS1 ; Charge Strategy 1 (right-away charge from home) ; CS2 ; Charge Strategy 2 (just-in-time charge from home) ; CS3 ; Charge Strategy 3 (just-in-time charge from home ; right-away charge from work)
- 刊名：Journal of Power Sources
- 出版年：2012
- 期刊代码：58_03787753
- 类别：ce
- 出版时间：1 July, 2012
- 卷：209
- 期：Complete
- 页码：269-277
- 文件大小：1142 K
摘要
Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) offer the potential to reduce both oil imports and greenhouse gas emissions, but high upfront costs discourage many potential purchasers. Making an economic comparison with conventional alternatives is complicated in part by strong sensitivity to drive patterns, vehicle range, and charge strategies that affect vehicle utilization and battery wear. Identifying justifiable battery replacement schedules and sufficiently accounting for the limited range of a BEV add further complexity to the issue. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory developed the Battery Ownership Model to address these and related questions. The Battery Ownership Model is applied here to examine the sensitivity of BEV economics to drive patterns, vehicle range, and charge strategies when a high-fidelity battery degradation model, financially justified battery replacement schedules, and two different means of accounting for a BEV's unachievable vehicle miles traveled (VMT) are employed. We find that the value of unachievable VMT with a BEV has a strong impact on the cost-optimal range, charge strategy, and battery replacement schedule; that the overall cost competitiveness of a BEV is highly sensitive to vehicle-specific drive patterns; and that common cross-sectional drive patterns do not provide consistent representation of the relative cost of a BEV.