摘要
Citrus limonoids were reported to inhibit autoinducer-mediated bacterial cell-cell signaling, Escherichia coli O157:H7 biofilms and the Type III secretion system. The goal of the present study was to understand the effect of specific modifications in limonin molecule on cell-cell signaling inhibitory activity. The limonin was modified into de-furan limonin, limonin 7-oxime, limonin 7-methoxime. The modified limonoids were examined for their cell-cell signaling and biofilm inhibitory properties. The results of the study suggest that the furan ring and C-7 substitutions were important structural features in the limonin molecule to inhibit cell-cell signaling and biofilm formation in Vibrio harveyi. The C-7 modifications of limonin showed increased potency to inhibit the E.聽coli biofilm. Furthermore, the data indicates that limonin聽7-methoxime reduced the attachment of E.聽coli to plastic surface by interacting with type 1 pili and Ag43. In addition, limonin 7-methoxime seems to reduce the adhesion of E.聽coli to spinach leaves and colon epithelial cells.