Study subjects were 32 physicians, nurses, and medical students participating in a trauma course in Guyana. After watching a training video and practicing under supervision, subjects were observed inserting each device into a pediatric leg model using a randomized crossover design. Outcome measures were time to successful insertion, technical complications, ease of use, and safety of each device.<h4 class="h4">Resultsh4>
The mean time for IO insertion (32 卤 13 seconds) was similar for both devices (P = .92). Subjects rated the NNH device equivalent in ease of use to the Cook IO needle but slightly lower in perceived safety to the user.<h4 class="h4">Conclusionsh4>
After training, all subjects successfully inserted the NNH IO device in a simulation environment, and most rated it as easy to use and safe. The NNH is a significant advance because IO needles are often not available in emergency departments in developing countries. Further studies are needed to evaluate clinical effectiveness of the NNH.