Visceral (intestinal, uretheral) and vascular damage during intervertebral disk surgery is uncommon; therefore sometimes is excluded of informed consents; however those damages, are potentially life-threatening with high risk of mortality; hence, in spite of their rarity, anaesthetists and surgeons should be watchful since in case of showing up, early diagnosis is vitally important. Usually, patients who survived restore completely without sequels.
A clinical case of common right iliac artery and vein disruption during posterior L4-L5 discectomy is here discussed. The patient required two vascular interventions. After the surgeries the patient presented a postoperative lower extremity neurologic deficit due to a lumbosacral plexopathy from which she partially recovered during the following months.