The Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament (AFECT) model and scale: A system-based integrative approach

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• 作者：Diogo R. Lara^a ; ^{drlara@pucrs.br} ; Luisa W. Bisol^a ; Miriam G. Brunstein^b ; Caroline T. Reppold^c ; Hudson W. de Carvalho^d ; Gustavo L. Ottoni^e
• 关键词：Temperament ; Personality ; Traits ; Depression ; Bipolar disorder ; Behavior
• 刊名：Journal of Affective Disorders
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：141_01650327
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：September, 2012
• 卷：140
• 期：1
• 页码：14-37
• 文件大小：1677 K

摘要

Based on many temperament frameworks, here we propose an integration of emotional and affective temperaments (the AFECT model), forming a common substrate for mood, behavior, personality and part of cognition. Temperament is conceived as a self-regulated system with six emotional dimensions: volition, anger, inhibition, sensitivity, coping and control. The different combinations of these emotional dimensions result in 12 affective temperament types, namely depressive, anxious, apathetic, obsessive, cyclothymic, dysphoric, irritable, volatile, disinhibited, hyperthymic and euphoric. We also developed and validated a self-report scale to evaluate this construct, the Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament Scale (AFECTS).

Methods

Exploratory and confirmatory psychometric analyses were performed with the internet version of the AFECTS in 2947 subjects (72%females, 35 卤 11 years old).

Results

The factors interpreted as volition, anger, inhibition, sensitivity, coping and control showed very good Cronbach's alphas for 5 dimensions (0.87-0.90) and acceptable alpha for inhibition (0.75). Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated this 6-factor structure when considering inhibition as a second-order factor with fear and caution as first-order factors (SRMR = 0.061; RMSEA = 0.053). In the Affective section, all 12 categorical affective temperaments were selected in the categorical choice, with 99%of volunteers identifying at least one adequate description of their affective temperament.

Limitations

Only the internet version was used in a general population sample.

Conclusion

The AFECT model provides an integrated framework of temperament as a self-regulated system, with implications for mental health, psychiatric disorders and their treatment. The AFECTS showed good psychometric properties to further study this model.