Prevalence of antibodies and RNA genome of hepatitis E virus in a cohort of French immunocompromised

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• 作者：Sarah Maylin^a ; ^{sarah.maylin@sls.aphp.fr} ; Robin Stephan^a ; Jean-Michel Molina^b ; Marie-Noelle Peraldi^c ; Catherine Scieux^a ; Elisabeth Nicand^d ; Fran&ccedil ; ois Simon^a ; Constance Delaugerre^a
• 关键词：HEV ; Immunocompromised ; Paris ; Urban area ; Genome ; Antibodies
• 刊名：Journal of Clinical Virology
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：150_13866532
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：April, 2012
• 卷：53
• 期：4
• 页码：346-349
• 文件大小：177 K

摘要

Background

Recently, cases of chronic hepatitis E have been identified in immunocompromised patients.

Objectives

To evaluate the prevalence of anti-HEV IgG antibodies and the persistence of HEV-RNA in sera of immunocompromised patients with regular follow-up at Saint-Louis Hospital in Paris, France.

Study design

307 samples collected from 261 HIV-infected patients and 46 kidney transplant (KT)-patients were retrospectively tested for the presence of the following hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection markers: anti-HEV IgM antibodies, anti-HEV IgG antibodies, anti-HEV IgG avidity index, and HEV-RNA.

Results

Anti-HEV IgG positive serology was found in 4 HIV-infected patients (1.5%) and 3 KT-patients (6.5%), leading to an overall seroprevalence of 2.3%. HEV-RNA detection was not observed among 55 HIV-patients at higher risk of chronic HEV (<200 CD4 cells/mm³, elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and/or positive anti-HEV antibodies) and among 44 KT-patients. None of the seven patients had anti-HEV IgM antibodies, thereby excluding any acute infection. The IgG avidity index confirmed past HEV infection among tested patients.

Conclusions

The low seroprevalence observed in the Paris region does not warrant a systematic evaluation of HEV infection in immunocompromised patients. However, HEV infection must be examined as a possibility if unexplained increases in ALT should occur and after more common viral hepatitis infections are excluded.