New developments to support decision-making in contaminated inhabited areas following incidents involving a release of radioactivity to the environment
- 作者：K.G. Andersson ; J. Brown ; K. Mortimer ; J.A. Jones ; T. Charnock ; S. Thykier-Nielsen ; J.C. Kaiser ; G. Proehl ; S.P. Nielsen
- 关键词：Inhabited area ; Contamination ; Decision support ; Dose model ; Dispersion ; Countermeasure ; Nuclear accident ; Optimisation ; Decision-maker ; Recovery
- 刊名：Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
- 出版年：2008
- 期刊代码：45_0265931x
- 类别：env
- 出版时间：March 2008
- 卷：99
- 期：3
- 页码：439-454
- 文件大小：694 K
摘要
The Chernobyl accident demonstrated that releases from nuclear installations can lead to significant contamination of large inhabited areas. A new generic European decision support handbook has been produced on the basis of lessons learned on the management of contaminated inhabited areas. The handbook comprises detailed descriptions of 59 countermeasures in a standardised datasheet format, which facilitates a comparison of features. It also contains guidance in the form of decision flowcharts, tables, check lists and text to support identification of optimised solutions for managing the recovery of inhabited areas within a framework consistent with ICRP recommendations. A new comprehensive inhabited-area dose model is also being developed for implementation in the ARGOS and RODOS decision support systems. Shortcomings of previous models are demonstrated. Decision support modelling in relation to malicious dispersion of radioactive matter in inhabited areas is also discussed. Here, the implications of, e.g., particle sizes and dispersion altitude are highlighted.