Roles of long, non-coding RNA in chromosome-wide transcription regulation: Lessons from two dosage compensation systems
- 作者：Sylvain Maenner ; sylvain.maenner@med.uni-muenchen.de ; Marisa Mü ; ller ; Peter B. Becker
- 关键词：Dosage compensation ; Chromatin ; Long non-coding RNAs ; Epigenetic regulation ; Histone modifications
- 刊名：Biochimie
- 出版年：2012
- 期刊代码：24_03009084
- 类别：bio
- 出版时间：July, 2012
- 卷：94
- 期：7
- 页码：1490-1498
- 文件大小：541 K
摘要
A large part of higher eukaryotic genomes is transcribed into RNAs lacking any significant open reading frame. This 鈥渘on-coding part鈥?has been shown to actively contribute to regulating gene expression, but the mechanisms are largely unknown. Particularly instructive examples are provided by the dosage compensation systems, which assure that the single X chromosome in male cells and the two X chromosomes in female cells give rise to similar amounts of gene product. Although this is achieved by very different strategies in mammals and fruit flies, long, non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in both cases. Here we summarize recent progress towards unraveling the mechanisms, by which the Xist and roX RNAs mediate the selective association of regulators with individual target chromosomes, to initiate dosage compensation in mammals and fruit flies, respectively.