Emissions from open burning of used agricultural pesticide containers

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• 作者：Brian K. Gullett^a ; ^{Gullett.Brian@epamail.epa.gov} ; ^{Gullett.brian@epa.gov} ; Dennis Tabor^a ; Abderrahmane Touati^b ; Jeanne Kasai^c ; Nancy Fitz^c
• 关键词：Pesticide containers ; Open burning ; Emissions ; 2 ; 4-D ; Atrazine
• 刊名：Journal of Hazardous Materials
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：50_03043894
• 类别：ce
• 出版时间：30 June, 2012
• 卷：221-222
• 期：Complete
• 页码：236-241
• 文件大小：575 K

摘要

Emissions from simulated open burning of used agricultural pesticide containers were sampled for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAHs), and particle matter (PM₁₀ and PM_2.5). Clean high density polyethylene (HDPE) containers, containers with trace pesticide, and triple-rinsed containers were burned separately in an open combustion facility and their emissions compared. Two common chlorinated pesticides were used: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1-chloro-3-ethylamino-5-isopropylamino-2,4,6-triazine (atrazine). PCDD/PCDF emission factors ranged from 0.1 to 24 ng toxic equivalents (TEQ)/kg C burned with a mean and median of 4.9 and 1.9 ng TEQ/kg C burned, respectively. In a limited number of trials, the trace 2,4-D in the HDPE container led to a statistically significant increase in PCDD/PCDF formation compare to all other conditions. Residual atrazine did not lead to more PCDD/PCDF than the unrinsed 2,4-D container. Total (16 compounds) PAH emission factors varied from 1.5 to 6.7 mg/kg C burned. These limited data suggest that rinsing the 2,4-D container prior to burning reduces both PCDD/PCDF and PAH emissions. Nine PM_2.5 emission factors ranged from 9 to 35 mg/g C burned and ten PM₁₀ values ranged from 6 to 43 mg/g C burned. Neither pesticide appeared to have any effect on PM concentration.