- 作者：Eleftheria Tsaltas ; Dimitrios Kontis ; Vasileios Boulougouris ; Vasiliki-Maria Papakosta ; Haralambos Giannou ; Cornelia Poulopoulou ; Constantine Soldatos
- 关键词：Lithium ; Working memory ; Passive avoidance retention ; T-maze alternation ; Rat
- 刊名：Behavioural Brain Research
- 出版年：2007
- 期刊代码：3_01664328
- 类别：neu
- 出版时间：12 February 2007
- 卷：177
- 期：1
- 页码：51-60
- 文件大小：622 K
In spite of recent enrichment of neurochemical and behavioural data establishing a neuroprotective role for lithium, its primary effects on cognitive functioning remain ambiguous. This study examines chronic lithium effects on spatial working memory and long-term retention.
Methods
In three discrete experiments, rats subjected to 30 daily intraperitoneal injections (2 mmol/kg) of lithium (lithium groups: serum lithium = 0.5 ± 0.4 mEq/l, 12 h post-injection) or saline (controls) were trained in 0-s delay T-maze alternation and then tested in 30-, 45- and 60-s delay alternation (Experiments 1, 2, 3, respectively). Animals from Experiment 1 were further tested in one-trial step-through passive avoidance under mild shock parameters (0.5 mA, 1 s). Retention was assessed 6 h later. Daily lithium or saline injections continued throughout behavioural testing.
Results
Lithium animals were indistinguishable from controls during 0-delay alternation baseline (Experiments 1–3, accuracy > 88%) but showed significantly higher accuracy than controls at 30- and 45-s delays (93%versus 85%and 92%versus 82%, Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). At 60-s delay (Experiment 3) this beneficial effect of lithium was no longer apparent (lithium and control accuracy = 78%). In Experiment 4, the shock used did not support 6-h passive avoidance retention in controls, whereas lithium animals showed significant step-through latency increases.
Conclusions
Chronic lithium enhanced spatial working memory and promoted long-term retention of a weak aversive contingency. The results suggest that lithium may have potential as a cognitive enhancer.