CD163 and its expanding functional repertoire

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• 作者：P. Akila^a ; ^{akila.prashant@gmail.com} ; ^{drakila1@rediffmail.com} ; V. Prashant^a ; M.N. Suma^a ; S.N. Prashant^b ; T.R. Chaitra^a
• 关键词：CD163 ; Hemoglobin scavenger receptor ; Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich superfamily ; Inflammation ; Hemoglobin&ndash ; haptoglobin complexes
• 刊名：Clinica Chimica Acta
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：54_00098981
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：11 April, 2012
• 卷：413
• 期：7-8
• 页码：669-674
• 文件大小：190 K

摘要

Macrophages are key players of the immune system and express a variety of surface receptors. CD163 is one such receptor which belongs to the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich super family (SRCR-SF) class B. It has four isoforms which differ in the structure of their cytoplasmic domains and putative phosphorylation sites. Expression of CD163 is tightly regulated with a general tendency of anti-inflammatory signals to induce its synthesis, while pro-inflammatory signals downregulate its expression. Previously the molecule has been shown to act as a receptor for hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes. However, it also plays a crucial role in the control of inflammatory processes by induction of anti-inflammatory pathways. Soluble CD163, which is generated via ectodomain shedding, serves as a potential diagnostic tool in a variety of disease states, such as inflammation, atherosclerosis, transplant rejection and carcinoma. Recently, CD163 has been identified as a promising target for cell directed therapy. In this review we aim to summarize the current knowledge of CD163.