Pigment identification, nutritional composition, bioactivity, and in聽vitro cancer cell cytotoxicity of Rivina humilis L. berries, potential source of betalains

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• 作者：Mohammad Imtiyaj Khan ; P.S.C. Sri Harsha ; P. Giridhar ; ^{parvatamg@yahoo.com} ; G.A. Ravishankar
• 关键词：Rivina humilis L. (Phytolaccaceae) ; Betalains ; Cytotoxicity ; Bioactivity ; Lipid peroxidation
• 刊名：Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und -Technologie
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：121_00236438
• 类别：abs
• 出版时间：July, 2012
• 卷：47
• 期：2
• 页码：315-323
• 文件大小：594 K

摘要

Ripened berries of Rivina humilis L. (pigeon berry) were investigated for pigment and nutritional composition, in聽vitro bioactivities, and cancer cell cytotoxicity of its extracts. Ten betalain pigments (total content-0.35聽g/100聽g fresh weight, and 1.7聽g/100聽g dry weight) with high level of betaxanthins were characterised. Carbohydrates (6.2聽g), proteins (1.1聽g), lipids (0.7聽g), phenols (105.7聽mg gallic acid equivalent), niacin (5.3聽mg), and total tocopherols (0.77聽mg) in 100聽g fresh weight were observed. Antioxidant bioactivity of MeOH extract (maximum at 100聽渭g/mL) against OH ^{and 尾-carotene oxidation was studied. The extract (1000聽渭g/mL) effectively protected kidney lipid peroxidation compared to butylated hydroxy anisole. Betalains rich extract, and purified betacyanins and betaxanthins revealed EC₅₀ against DPPH (51.0, 0.29, 0.11聽渭g/mL), and reducing power (39.3, 2.79, and 1.34聽渭g/mL) which was higher than that of gallic acid and ascorbic acid. In聽vitro cancer cell cytotoxicity was assessed through MTT assay on HepG2 cells after exposing to betalains rich extract, betacyanins and betaxanthins for 24聽h; only betaxanthins exhibited cytotoxicity (EC₅₀ 12.0聽渭g/mL). After 48聽h of exposure, betacyanins and betaxanthins showed elevated cytotoxicity.}