Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is a very rare tumor and the endometrium is the least common site of occurrence. We present the case of a 41-year-old woman who reported abnormal genital bleeding for approximately 1 year before consulting. Endometrial biopsy revealed small cell carcinoma. The patient underwent a total radical hysterectomy with pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy. The carcinoma was surgical stage II.
The histopathological report showed the presence of rounded small cell carcinoma of the endometrium with scanty cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei, ordered in a solid-trabecular pattern with perivascular arrangement. Special immunohistochemical study showed the neuroendocrine origin of the tumor.