Concurrent attenuated reactivity of alpha-amylase and cortisol is related to disruptive behavior in male adolescents

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• 作者：Marjan de Vries-Bouw^a ; ^{m.devries@debascule.com} ; Lucres Jansen^a ; ^{l.nauta@debascule.com} ; Robert Vermeiren^a ; ^b ; ^{r.r.j.m.vermeiren@curium.nl} ; Theo Doreleijers^a ; ^c ; ^{t.doreleijers@debascule.com} ; Peter van de Ven^d ; ^{p.vandeven@vumc.nl} ; Arne Popma^a ; ^{a.popma@debascule.com}
• 关键词：Alpha-amylase ; Cortisol ; Hypothalamic&ndash ; pituitary&ndash ; adrenal axis ; Heart rate ; Heart rate variability ; Autonomic nervous system ; Stress responsivity ; Disruptive behavior ; Delinquents ; Adolescents
• 刊名：Hormones and Behavior
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：82_0018506x
• 类别：psy
• 出版时间：June, 2012
• 卷：62
• 期：1
• 页码：77-85
• 文件大小：572 K

摘要

Attenuated reactivity of salivary alpha-amylase has been proposed as a specific sympathetic marker of disruptive behavior in juveniles and may have additional value to studying other autonomic parameters and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. Investigating the interrelationships between neurobiological parameters in relation to juvenile disruptive behavior may enhance insight into the complex mechanisms at play.

We investigated salivary alpha-amylase, cortisol, heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV) in response to a standardized public speaking task, and examined interactions between these parameters in relation to disruptive behavior. Participants were 48 delinquent male adolescents (mean age 18.4 years, SD 0.9), with and without a disruptive behavior disorder (resp. DP+, DP 鈭? and 16 matched normal controls (NC). A structured psychiatric interview as well as the Youth Self Report and Child Behavior Checklist were administered to assess disruptive behavior.

Alpha-amylase and cortisol reactivity, but not HR or HRV, showed significant inverse associations with dimensional measures of disruptive behavior. Moreover, both cortisol and alpha-amylase reactivity were significantly lower in the DP + group as compared to the NC group. The mentioned relationships remained present when nicotine use was entered as a covariate. Combining alpha-amylase and cortisol in one model explained a larger part of the variance of disruptive behavior than either single parameter. There were no interactions between alpha-amylase and cortisol or HRV in relation to disruptive behavior.

Attenuated alpha-amylase responsivity to stress is a correlate of disruptive behavior in late-adolescent males. Although nicotine use explains a considerable part of the variance of disruptive behavior, both alpha-amylase and cortisol are related to disruptive behavior, over and above the effect of nicotine use. Combining alpha-amylase and cortisol improved insight into neurobiological mechanisms involved with disruptive behavior; concurrent low reactivity of both parameters was related to higher levels of disruptive behavior.