摘要
The application of hadron accelerators (protons and light ions) in cancer therapy is discussed. After a brief introduction on the rationale for the use of heavy charged particles in radiation therapy, a discussion is given on accelerator technology and beam delivery systems. Next, existing and planned facilities are briefly reviewed. The Italian Hadrontherapy Project is then described in some detail, with reference to both the National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy and the design of different types of compact proton accelerators aimed at introducing proton therapy in a large number of hospitals.