Uptake and depuration of pharmaceuticals in aquatic invertebrates

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• 作者：Melanie Meredith-Williams^a ; ^b ; Laura J. Carter^a ; Richard Fussell^b ; David Raffaelli^a ; Roman Ashauer^c ; Alistair B.A. Boxall^a ; ^{alistair.boxall@york.ac.uk}
• 关键词：Pharmaceuticals ; Species traits ; Uptake ; Depuration ; Bioconcentration ; Liposome&ndash ; water partition coefficient ; pH effects
• 刊名：Environmental Pollution
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：28_02697491
• 类别：env
• 出版时间：June, 2012
• 卷：165
• 期：Complete
• 页码：250-258
• 文件大小：380 K

摘要

The uptake and depuration of a range of pharmaceuticals in the freshwater shrimp (Gammarus pulex) and the water boatman (Notonecta glauca) was studied. For one compound, studies were also done using the freshwater snail Planobarius corneus. In G.聽pulex, bioconcentration factors (BCFs) ranged from 4.6 to 185,900聽and increased in the order moclobemide聽<聽5-fluoruracil聽<聽carbamazepine聽<聽diazepam聽<聽carvedilol聽<聽fluoxetine. In N.聽glauca BCFs ranged from 0.1 to 1.6 and increased in the order 5-fluorouracil聽<聽carbamazepine聽<聽moclobemide聽<聽diazepam聽<聽fluoxetine聽<聽carvedilol. For P.聽corneus, the BCF for carvedilol was 57.3. The differences in degree of uptake across the three organisms may be due to differences in mode of respiration, behaviour and the pH of the test system. BCFs of the pharmaceuticals for each organism were correlated to the pH-corrected liposome-water partition coefficient of the pharmaceuticals.