We conducted an observational, transverse, descriptive study, from 3 to 30<sup>thsup> May 2010. The poll units were constituted by Senegalese living in Saint Louis city aged 鈮?5 years. We used a random sampling, stratified in clusters using as base of poll data of the general Saint-Louis鈥?census
The survey included 1424 individuals. The sex-ratio women/men was 2.23. Mean age of the population was 43.4 (17.8) years. Diabetes prevalence was 10.4%including 7.8%of known cases and 2.6%of new cases. It was controlled in 33.3%of cases according to the IDF criteria and 39.6%according to ADA's. The treatment was pharmaceutical in 74.3%of cases and traditional in 54.3%of cases. Other vascular risk factors were:
Dyslipidemia (64.6%), known in 2.4%of cases and detected in 62.2%of cases. Only 20%of the patients were receiving hypolipemiants and 12%were controlled
Physical inactivity (64.0%), more frequent in women than in men (p < 0,001);
Hypertension (46.0%), known in 23.0%of cases and ignored in the remaining 23.0%; 31.0%of people with hypertension were untreated and 30.5%took a traditional treatment
Obesity (23.0%), predominant in women
Tobacco (5.8%) and alcohol consumption were less frequent
Diabetes was associated with hypertension or dyslipidemia in 87.8%of cases; 62.8%of subjects had at least three associated risk factors.
With regard to complications, 16.6%of subjects presented with a renal insufficiency, 17.0%with an arteriopathy of lower limbs and 3.2%had a history of stroke
This survey reveals alarming figures on diabetes prevalence as well as on dyslipidemia, hypertension and even renal insufficiency in the autochtonous population of Saint-Louis (Senegal). These vascular risk factors are probably under estimated in the general population. It is necessary to conduct national scale surveys to set up effective and sustainable prevention policies