Formaldehyde personal exposure measurements and time weighted exposure estimates in children

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• 作者：Victoria Lazenby^a ; Andrea Hinwood^a ; ^{a.hinwood@ecu.edu.au} ; Anna Callan^a ; Peter Franklin^b
• 关键词：Formaldehyde ; Personal exposure ; Indoor ; Time weighted estimates ; Microenvironmental
• 刊名：Chemosphere
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：15_00456535
• 类别：env
• 出版时间：August, 2012
• 卷：88
• 期：8
• 页码：966-973
• 文件大小：360 K

摘要

Residential concentrations of formaldehyde have been associated with poor respiratory health in children, where formaldehyde has been measured using stationary monitors inside homes. Although children spend most of their time indoors at home, there are few studies of children鈥檚 personal exposure to formaldehyde. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personal exposure formaldehyde concentrations, microenvironmental concentrations and time weighted exposure estimates in children.

Forty-one primary school children (aged between 9 and 12 years) wore a personal passive sampler over two 24 h periods in two seasons and completed 24 h daily activity diaries and a questionnaire about lifestyle and behaviour. Samplers were co located indoors at home, outdoors at centralised locations and indoors at school for the corresponding period.

Personal exposure formaldehyde concentrations in this group of children were generally low with a geometric mean concentration of 9.1 ppb (range <detection limit to 27.3 ppb). There were strong correlations between personal exposure concentrations and both domestic indoor (r_s = .779, p < 0.001) and time weighted estimated (r_s = .802, p < 0.001) concentrations. The time weighted model did not improve the estimate of personal exposure compared with stationary indoor concentrations. Indoor air concentration measured with a single stationary monitor was a suitable surrogate for personal exposure.