In the frame of the PREDIMED study, a multicenter dietary interventional trial, we prospectively measured the baseline plasma FABP4 levels and AD incidence over a six-year follow-up period (median 4 [IQR, 3-5 years]) in 578 volunteers who visited their general practitioners because of their cardiovascular risk factors.
During follow-up, 103 participants developed AD. Baseline plasma FABP4 levels were associated with new onset AD over the follow-up period (OR 1.03 [95%IC: 1.00-1.05], <em>pem> = 0.020). This increased risk was observed in women but not in men. Among women, those in the highest tertile of FABP4 had a 2.54-fold increased relative risk of developing AD compared to the lowest tertile (HR 2.54 [95%CI, 1.31-4.93], <em>pem> for trend = 0.008).
Elevated plasma FABP4 concentrations should be considered as a potential marker of metabolic derangement, which may predict the development of AD in women.