• 作者：Silvia Relloso^a ; ^{srelloso@yahoo.com} ; Alicia Arechavala^b ; Liliana Guelfand^c ; Ivana Maldonado^d ; Laura Walker^b ; Iris Agorio^e ; Soledad Reyes^e ; Gustavo Giusiano^f ; Florencia Rojas^f ; Viviana Flores^g ; Paula Capece^h ; Gladys Posse^h ; Federico Nicola^a ; Silvia Tutzer^c ; Mario Bianchi^b ; ⁱ
• 关键词：Onicomicosis ; Diagnó ; stico ; Dermatofitos
• 刊名：Revista Iberoamericana de Micolog铆a
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：pca320_11301406
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：July-September, 2012
• 卷：29
• 期：3
• 页码：157-163
• 文件大小：292 K

Background

Onychomycosis accounts for up to 50%of all nail disorders. They can be caused by: yeasts, dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte moulds.

Objectives and methods

A multicentre study designed to determine the prevalence, mycological test results, aetiological agents, and clinical presentation of onychomycosis was carried out. All fingernail and toenail samples taken during a one year period at 9 diagnostic centres were included.

Results

A total of 5,961 samples were analysed, of which 82.3%were from toenails and 17.7%from fingernails. The mean age of the patients was 49.7 years, and 66%were females. Direct microscopic examination was positive in 61%of the samples. In adults, 61.2%of toenails were positive using potassium hydroxide (KOH), and 43.7%were positive in cultures. The prevailing aetiological agents belong to the dermatophyte group (82.8%), and distal subungual was the most common clinical form. In fingernails, direct examination showed 59.8%positive samples, and cultures were positive in 52.9%. The prevailing agents were yeasts belonging to Candida species, and onycholysis was the most common lesion.

Conclusions

Direct mycological examinations were positive in 61%, a higher value than that found in other series. Dermatophytes were prevalent in toenails of both sexes, and in finger nails yeast were prevalent in females, and dermatophytes in males. Non-dermatophyte moulds corresponded to 4.8%of toenail and 2.05%of fingernails isolates.