The substitutability of external control and self-control
- 作者：Fishbach ; Ayelet ; Trope ; Yaacov
- 刊名：Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
- 出版年：2005
- 期刊代码：85_00221031
- 类别：psy
- 出版时间：May, 2005
- 卷：41
- 期：3
- 页码：256-270
- 文件大小：552 K
摘要
Three experiments offered participants the opportunity to undertake an activity that had long-term benefits but either small or large short-term costs. The experiments investigated how self-control efforts to undertake the activity are affected by real or primed externally imposed controls. Two forms of self-control were assessed: bolstering the value of the offered activity and self-imposed penalties for failure to undertake it. The results showed that greater short-term costs elicited more self-control efforts when externally imposed controls were absent and less self-control efforts when externally imposed controls were present. Both externally imposed controls and self-control efforts prevented short-term costs from affecting participants’ intention to undertake the activity. The results were interpreted as suggesting that externally imposed control and self-control are substitutable means for pursuing activities with long-term benefits and short-term costs.