Statistical mixture design investigation of CO₂-Ethanol-H₂O pressurized solvent extractions from tara seed coat

详细信息	查看全文 | 推荐本文 |

• 作者：I.J. Seabra^a ; ^b ; M.E.M. Braga^a ; ^{marabraga@eq.uc.pt} ; H.C. de Sousa^a ; ^{hsousa@eq.uc.pt}
• 关键词：Tara seed coat ; CO2&ndash ; EtOH&ndash ; H2O pressurized solvent extraction ; Mixture design
• 刊名：The Journal of Supercritical Fluids
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：60_08968446
• 类别：ce
• 出版时间：April, 2012
• 卷：64
• 期：Complete
• 页码：9-18
• 文件大小：609 K

摘要

Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa) fruit seed coat is an abundant Peruvian agro-industrial residue that could be explored as a raw material for the production of valuable phenolic- and antioxidant-rich extracts. In this work, a mixture design was applied to optimize solvent mixtures for selective extraction of phenolic compounds from tara fruit seed coat. Pressurized solvent extractions (PSE) were performed at 313 K and 20 MPa, using homogeneous CO₂, ethanol (EtOH) and H₂O solvent mixtures. Extraction kinetics was obtained and phenolic contents, antioxidant activities (measured by the coupled oxidation of 尾-carotene and linoleic acid) and anti-inflammatory activities (measured by the lipoxygenase inhibition activity) of extracts were evaluated. A linear mixture model predicted total yields and it was verified that H₂O was the most effective solvent to obtain high extraction yields. A quadratic model predicted extracts鈥?phenolic contents and it was verified that H₂O and CO₂ had an antagonistic effect and that maximum phenolic contents can be expected for EtOH-rich mixtures. A special cubic model predicted anti-inflammatory activities and the maximum activities were also predicted for EtOH-rich mixtures. For the antioxidant activity, no model revealed to be significant (at a 95%confidence level). Nevertheless, high antioxidant activities were observed after 3 h of assay (above 80%of oxidation inhibition for nine out of eleven extracts) and even after 6 h of assay (above 70%). The obtained results strongly suggest that tara seed coat is a residue that has great potential to be valorized for the production of phenolic-rich extracts presenting high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.