Dust coma morphology in the Deep Impact images of Comet 9P/Tempel 1

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• 作者：T.L. Farnham ; D.D. Wellnitz ; D.L. Hampton ; J.-Y. Li ; J.M. Sunshine ; O. Groussin ; L.A. McFadden ; C.J. Crockett ; M.F. A'Hearn ; M.J.S. Belton ; et al.
• 关键词：Comet Tempel-1 ; Comets ; Rotational dynamics
• 刊名：Icarus
• 出版年：2007
• 期刊代码：90_00191035
• 类别：ph
• 出版时间：March 2007
• 卷：187
• 期：1
• 页码：26-40
• 文件大小：1961 K

摘要

We present an overview of the dust coma observations of Comet Tempel 1 that were obtained during the approach and encounter phases of the Deep Impact mission. We use these observations to set constraints on the pre-impact activity of the comet and discuss some preliminary results. The temporal and spatial changes that were observed during approach reveal three distinct jets rotating with a 1.7-day periodicity. The brightest jet produces an arcuate feature that expands outward with a projected velocity of about 12 m s⁻¹, suggesting that the ambient dust coma is dominated by millimeter-sized dust grains. As the spatial resolution improves, more jets and fans are revealed. We use stereo pairs of high-resolution images to put some crude constraints on the source locations of some of the brightest features. We also present a number of interesting coma features that were observed, including surface jets detected at the limb of the nucleus when the exposed ice patches are passing over the horizon, and features that appear to be jets emanating from unilluminated sources near the negative pole. We also provide a list of 10 outbursts of various sizes that were observed in the near-continuous monitoring during the approach phase.