Secretory products of multiple sclerosis B cells are cytotoxic to oligodendroglia in vitro

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• 作者：Robert P. Lisak^a ; ^b ; ^{rlisak@med.wayne.edu} ; Joyce A. Benjamins^a ; ^b ; Liljana Nedelkoska^a ; Jennifer L. Barger^a ; Samia Ragheb^a ; ^b ; Boli Fan^c ; ^e ; Nadia Ouamara^c ; ^e ; Trina A. Johnson^c ; ^e ; Sathyanath Rajasekharan^c ; ^e ; Amit Bar-Or^c ; ^d ; ^e ; ^{amit.bar-or@mcgill.ca}
• 关键词：B cells ; Cytokines ; Microglia ; Multiple sclerosis ; Oligodendroglia
• 刊名：Journal of Neuroimmunology
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：32_01655728
• 类别：neu
• 出版时间：15 May, 2012
• 卷：246
• 期：1-2
• 页码：85-95
• 文件大小：1097 K

摘要

B cells are important in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and some of the effects are not dependent on maturation of B cells into immunoglobulin (Ig) producing plasmablasts and plasma cells. B cells present antigen, activate T cells, and are involved in immunoregulation and cytokine secretion. To determine if B cells from MS patients secrete products that have deleterious effects on glial cells not mediated by Ig, and to compare effects with secretory products of normal controls (NC), we isolated B cells from 7 patients with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) and 4 NC. B cells were cultured alone or after stimulation with CD40 ligand (CD40L), CD40L + cross-linking of the B cell antigen receptor (xBCR) and CD40L + xBCR + stimulation of toll like receptor 9 (TLR9). Supernatants were harvested and incubated with mixed central nervous system (CNS) neonatal rat glial cells. Supernatants from unstimulated NC B cells induced on average death of 7%(range 0-24%) of differentiated oligodendrocytes (OL); in contrast, supernatants from unstimulated B cells from RRMS patients induced death of 57%(range 35-74%) of OL. Supernatants of stimulated B cells from NC did not increase the minimal OL death whereas stimulation of B cells from RRMS had variable results compared to unstimulated B cells. Supernatants from both NC and RRMS induced microglial enlargement and loss of normal resting bipolar morphology. OL death did not correlate with levels of tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-伪), lymphotoxin alpha (LT-伪), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-尾1) or any combination or ratio of these cytokines. Analysis of 26 supernatants from NC and RRMS patients failed to detect IgM. There were very low levels of IgG in 8 of the 26 supernatants, and no correlation between of OL death and presence or absence of IgG. Sera used in both the B cell and glial cell cultures were heated, which inactivates complement. The effects of B cell supernatants on OL could be direct and/or indirect involving either microglia and/or astrocytes. The identity of the toxic factor(s) is as yet unknown. Thus we have demonstrated that B cells from patients with RRMS but not NC secrete one or more factors toxic to OL. It is possible that such factors produced by peripheral blood B cells when within the CNS could contribute to demyelination in MS patients.