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Copyright © 2008 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS
Point de vue d’expert
Infection congxe9;nitale xe0; Cytomxe9;galovirus (CMV)
Methods – In this paper, we report and analyze the literature concerning the genetic polymorphism of CMV strains responsible of congenital infection, in the genes coding for the envelop protein B and the non structural UL144 protein and in the CMV short tandem repeats.
Results and conclusion – All UL144 and gB genotypes can be vertically transmitted from mothers to fetuses, none of these studies has shown any link between the genotypes and the severity of congenital disease. Moreover, no link between short tandem repeats polymorphism and severity of congenital disease has been demonstrated. However, short tandem repeats analysis may be a powerful tool to study the epidemiology of CMV congenital infections.
![]() Revue Franxe7;aise des Laboratoires, Volume 2002, Issue 345, September 2002, Pages 41-46 Liliane Grangeot-Keros, Franxe7;ois Audibert, Michxe8;le Vial-Courmont Abstract Rxe9;sumxe9;L'infection congxe9;nitale xe0; cytomxe9;galovirus (CMV), de par sa frxe9;quence et sa gravitxe9; potentielle, constitue un problxe8;me de Santxe9; publique. Au cours de ces dernixe8;res annxe9;es, de rxe9;els progrxe8;s ont xe9;txe9; rxe9;alisxe9;s, mais de nombreux problxe8;mes subsistent. Sur le plan de l'histoire naturelle de l'infection, des xe9;tudes ont xe9;txe9; rxe9;alisxe9;es en France permettant de mieux connaxee;tre la sxe9;roprxe9;valence, l'incidence, le taux de transmission du virus au fœtus, ainsi que les consxe9;quences cliniques en cas de primo-infection ; en revanche, l'incidence et les consxe9;quences des infections secondaires (rxe9;infection, rxe9;activation) n'ont pas xe9;txe9;xe9;tudixe9;es de faxe7;on extensive dans notre pays.Par ailleurs, grxe2;ce xe0; la mise au point de techniques telles que la mesure de l'indice d'aviditxe9; des IgG, le diagnostic des infections maternelles est devenu beaucoup plus fiable. De mxea;me, l'utilisation de techniques de biologie molxe9;culaire, pour le diagnostic des infections fœtales, a permis d'amxe9;liorer la qualitxe9; du dxe9;pistage antxe9;natal. Cependant, xe9;tant donnxe9; qu'infection fœtale n'est pas synonyme d'anomalies fœtales, la recherche de facteurs pronostiques est nxe9;cessaire. Quelques xe9;tudes suggxe8;rent que la charge virale dans le liquide amniotique ou le sang fœtal ainsi que la prxe9;sence d'IgM spxe9;cifiques dans le sang fœtal, pourraient xea;tre des marqueurs pronostiques. En l'absence de marqueurs pronostiques xe9;tablis et en l'absence de traitement efficace et dxe9;pourvu d'effets secondaires, la prise en charge de l'infection xe0; CMV chez la femme enceinte reste, aujour-d'hui, complexe et controversxe9;e. Il paraxee;t toutefois possible de prxe9;venir cette infection en donnant des conseils d'hygixe8;ne approprixe9;s. Because of its frequency and its potential severity, cytomegalovirus (CMV) materno-fetal infection is a real public health problem. Recently, improvements concerning this infection have been made, but many problems remain. As for the natural history of the infection, studies have been conducted in France allowing a better knowledge of the seroprevalence, the incidence, the percentage of transmission of the virus to the fœtus, as well as the clinical consequences, in case of primary infection ; by contrast, the incidence and consequences of secondary infections (reinfection, reactivation) have not been evaluated in our country. Furthermore, thanks to the measurement of CMV IgG avidity, the diagnosis of maternal infections has become much more reliable. In the same way, the use of molecular biology techniques for the diagnosis of fetal infections has improved the quality of prenatal diagnosis. However, as fetal infection is not synonymous of fetal defects, prognostic markers of sequelae are urgently needed. Different studies seem to indicate that viral load in amniotic fluid or fetal blood as well as specific IgM in fetal blood could be used as prognostic markers. In absence of established prognostic markers, and in absence of efficient and safe antiviral drugs, follow-up of CMV infection in pregnant woman is still complicated and controversial. However, it seems possible to prevent this infection by giving appropriate counselling. ref="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6VRF-47XD2K5-18-2&_cdi=6233&_user=10&_orig=article&_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2002&_sk=979979654&view=c&wchp=dGLbVzz-zSkWb&md5=9eaac95e3bc3711f1ef339cbfca9b507&ie=/sdarticle.pdf"> |
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Infection congxe9;nitale xe0; Cytomxe9;galovirus (CMV)