Femtosecond laser ablation enhances cell infiltration into three-dimensional electrospun scaffolds

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• 作者：Benjamin Li-Ping Lee^a ; ^b ; Hojeong Jeon^c ; Aijun Wang^b ; ¹ ; Zhiqiang Yan^b ; ^d ; ¹ ; Jian Yu^b ; ^e ; ¹ ; Costas Grigoropoulos^c ; Song Li^a ; ^b ; ^{song_li@berkeley.edu}
• 关键词：Electrospinning ; Nanofibrous scaffolds ; Pore size ; Cell infiltration ; Femtosecond laser ablation
• 刊名：Acta Biomaterialia
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：1_17427061
• 类别：ce
• 出版时间：July, 2012
• 卷：8
• 期：7
• 页码：2648-2658
• 文件大小：3788 K

摘要

Electrospun scaffolds are used extensively in tissue-engineering applications as they offer a cell-friendly microenvironment. However, one major limitation is the dense fibers, small pore size and consequently poor cell infiltration. Here, we employ a femtosecond (FS) laser system to ablate and create microscale features on electrospun poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) nanofibrous scaffolds. Upon determining the ablation parameters, we pattern structured holes with diameters of 50, 100 and 200 渭m and spacings of 50 and 200 渭m between adjacent holes on the scaffolds. The elastic moduli of ablated scaffolds decrease with the decrease in spacing and the increase in hole size. Cells seeded on the laser-ablated scaffolds exhibit different morphology but similar proliferation rate when compared with control (non-ablated) scaffold. Furthermore, animal studies indicate that ablated scaffolds facilitate endothelial cell ingrowth as well as drastically increase M2 macrophage and overall cell infiltration. These findings demonstrate that FS laser ablation can be used to increase cell infiltration into nanofibrous scaffolds. Laser ablation not only can create desired features in micrometer length scale but also presents a new approach in the fabrication of three-dimensional porous constructs for tissue engineering.