Spatially resolved skin friction velocity measurements using Irwin sensors: A calibration and accuracy analysis

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• 作者：B. Walter^a ; ^b ; ^{walter@slf.ch} ; C. Gromke^a ; K. Leonard^a ; ^c ; A. Clifton^a ; M. Lehning^a ; ^b
• 关键词：Friction velocity ; Hot-film anemometry ; Irwin sensor ; Surface shear-stress ; Wall-mounted block ; Wind tunnel
• 刊名：Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：55_01676105
• 类别：ms
• 出版时间：May-July, 2012
• 卷：104-106
• 期：Complete
• 页码：314-321
• 文件大小：665 K

摘要

This study investigates the accuracy of spatially resolved skin friction velocity u_蟿 measurements using a large number of Irwin sensors (). A fast and simple procedure to calibrate the sensors against a two-component hot-film anemometer is introduced which leads to a universal calibration function that can then be used for all sensors. Insignificantly lower accuracies are obtained using the universal calibration function instead of individual calibration functions for each sensor. The overall accuracy of the skin friction velocity measurements averages about 卤5%for u_蟿>0.13 m s^鈭? and decreases strongly to 卤20%at lower u_蟿. The main sources of errors are as follows: (i) deviations from flush mounting of the sensors with the wall surface, (ii) inhomogeneous boundary layers produced in wind tunnels, (iii) pressure transducer inaccuracies, (iv) Irwin sensor geometry variations and (v) Irwin sensor calibration errors. An excellent linear relationship between u_蟿 measured with the Irwin sensors and the free stream velocity as well as the good agreement of Irwin sensor with independent hot-film measurements validate the reliability of the measurement setup. An exemplary measurement of the skin friction velocity distribution around a single wall-mounted rectangular block is presented, discussed and compared to literature and can serve as a test case for simulations.