Sulphur in the Arctic environment (1): results of a catchment-based multi-medium study

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• 作者：Kashulina ; G. ; et. al.
• 关键词：SO₂ emissions ; Catchment ; Vegetation ; Podzol ; Stream water ; Ground water ; Arctic ; Kola Peninsula
• 刊名：Environmental Pollution
• 出版年：2001
• 期刊代码：28_02697491
• 类别：env
• 出版时间：August, 2001
• 卷：114
• 期：1
• 页码：3-19
• 文件大小：1.02 M

摘要

S-concentrations were determined in 9 different sample materials (precipitation (rain and snow), vegetation, O-, E-, B- and C-horizon of podzols, stream water and ground water) collected in eight small catchments (10–30 km²) at different distances from major SO₂ point-source emitters on the Kola Peninsula, Russia. Comparison of the results from these materials, representing different compartments of the ecosystem under varying natural conditions leads to a better understanding of sources, cycling and fate of S in the Arctic environment. More than 300,000 t of SO₂ emitted annually from the Kola smelters affect the air quality over a large area. Arctic climatic conditions (cold and dry) and the remote location of the emitters result in considerably lower S-deposition values than those observed in central Europe. The pathways of atmospheric S-deposition in the terrestrial environment vary significantly from summer to winter because different compartments of the ecosystem, with a different capability to accumulate S, are active. The actual S-flux is altered by every component of the ecosystem. When estimating the total S-deposition this effect must be considered.