- 作者：Ramy F. Youssef ; ramy.yaacoub@utsouthwestern.edu ; Nicholas G. Cost ; Oussama M. Darwish ; Vitaly Margulis
- 关键词：mTOR ; mammalian target of rapamycin ; LDH ; lactate dehydrogenase ; VEGF ; vascular endothelial growth factor ; VHL ; von Hippel-Lindau ; HIF ; hypoxia inducible factor ; PI3k ; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ; S6K1 ; S6 kinase 1 ; 4E-BP1 ; eukaryotic initiation factor-
- 刊名：Arab Journal of Urology
- 出版年：2012
- 期刊代码：pca60_2090598X
- 类别：med
- 出版时间：June, 2012
- 卷：10
- 期：2
- 页码：110-117
- 文件大小：569 K
Objectives
Increased knowledge about the molecular pathways involved in tumorigenesis has led to the discovery of new prognostic molecular markers and development of novel targeted therapies for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this review we describe the prognostic markers of RCC and highlight the areas of recent discovery with a focus on the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway.Methods
We reviewed previous reports, using PubMed with the search terms 鈥榬enal cell carcinoma鈥? 鈥榤olecular markers鈥? 鈥榩rognosis鈥? 鈥榦utcomes鈥?and 鈥榤ammalian target of rapamycin pathway鈥?published in the last two decades. We created a library of 100 references and focused on presenting the recent advances in the field.
Results
Growing evidence suggests that mTOR deregulation is associated with many types of human cancer, including RCC. Consequently, temsirolimus and everolimus, which target mTOR, are approved for treating advanced RCC. There is a demand to integrate clinical, pathological and molecular markers into accurate prognostic models to provide patients with the most personalised cancer care possible.
Conclusions
The mTOR pathway is highly implicated in RCC tumorigenesis and progression, and its constituents might represent a promising prognostic tool and target for treating RCC. Combining newly discovered molecular markers with classic clinicopathological prognostics might potentially improve the management of RCC.