摘要
For field trials of v varieties in blocks of size k, in the presence of a random trend, data may be analyzed by the nearest-neighbor method based on first differences. The variance components model for this analysis is the linear variance (LV) model. Optimal designs for the case kv were given by Martin et al. (J. Statist Plann. Inference 34 (1993) 433–450) and the case v<k2v by Martin (1998). In this paper, for the general case of any k and v we show that a universally optimal design can be constructed from a semibalanced array if the varieties within blocks are arranged in a particular order. The order does not depend on the magnitudes of the variance components.