• 作者：Juan Carlos Durá ; n Alonso ^{juancaduran@ono.com} ; investigadores del estudio Diagerca^&loz ;
• 关键词：Diabetes mellitus ; Prevalencia de diabetes ; Anciano institucionalizado ; Residencia geriá ; trica ; Complicaciones de la diabetes
• 刊名：Revista Espa帽ola de Geriatr铆a y Gerontolog铆a
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：pca313_0211139X
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：May-June, 2012
• 卷：47
• 期：3
• 页码：114-118
• 文件大小：179 K

Objective

To determine prevalence and clinical characteristics of elderly diabetic patients in nursing homes.

Material and method

Observational and multicentre study in 14 nursing homes in C谩diz (Spain). Study variables: age, sex, prevalence of diabetes, duration of diabetes, complications, macrovascular complications, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Metabolic control: frequency of baseline blood glucose and HbA1c determinations. Metabolic complications suffered. Treatment: oral and type of antidiabetics, insulinisation. Diabetes education. Functional and mental assessment using Barthel index and MMT. Data was analysed using SPSS v17.0.

Results

A total of 1952 elderly institutionalised patients were studied, with a diabetes prevalence of 26.44%. The study included 312 patients with a mean age of 79.7 years, of whom 57.4%were women, and 66.9%knew of their diagnosis of diabetes for over 10 years. Vascular events were suffered by 55.1%, with the most common being ischaemic stroke (55.2%), followed by myocardial infarction (18%) and 14.5%with peripheral arterial disease. There were 29.6%with retinopathy, 21.3%diabetic nephropathy, and 25.6%suffering from distal symmetric polyneuropathy. HbA1c analysis was performed in 90.1%of patients, with 50%levels between 7 and 9%, with a six-monthly assessment rate of 63.4%. Metabolic complications: diabetic ketoacidosis 7.1%, hyperosmolar syndrome 2.9%, and 15.7%symptomatic hypoglycaemia. Oral hypoglycaemic agents were being taken by 66%of patients, with the most frequently used being metformin (55.3%) followed by gliclazide and repaglinide (10.2%, 3.4%, respectively). 50.2%were insulinised. 45.6%functional dependence. Barthel Index average of 48.4 points, with 46.1%diagnosed with dementia, moderate state, 36.7%.

Conclusions

Diabetic prevalence in nursing homes is high, and institutionalised patients are elderly, long-standing diabetics, with both macro- and microvascular complications, and have a significant level of mental and functional disabilities.