Green synthesis of predominant (1 1 1) facet CuO nanoparticles: Heterogeneous and recyclable catalyst for N-arylation of indoles

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• 作者：Nikhil V. Suramwar^a ; Sanjay R. Thakare^b ; ^{sanjaythakare@yahoo.co.uk} ; Nandkishor N. Karade^c ; Niren T. Khaty^a
• 关键词：Nanoparticles ; CuO ; N-Arylation ; Starch ; Indoles
• 刊名：Journal of Molecular Catalysis A ; Chemical
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：57_13811169
• 类别：ch
• 出版时间：July, 2012
• 卷：359
• 期：Complete
• 页码：28-34
• 文件大小：877 K

摘要

Well faceted CuO nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal-assisted green strategy at reflux temperature in a short period of time. A possible growth mechanism of such highly faceted nanostructures based on typical biomolecule-crystal interactions in aqueous solution is tentatively proposed. The large surface area (223.36 m²/g) and rich exposed active sites are expected to endow such nanostructures with excellent performances in catalysis as demonstrated here for remarkable catalytic activity with respect to the N-arylation of indoles. Nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Both the activity and selectivity of the N-arylation reactions could be tuned by varying the concentration of CuO nanoparticles. Nanoparticles catalyst were recycled and reused for further catalytic reactions with minimal loss in activity. A variety of indole derivatives afforded corresponding N-arylation product with excellent yields (up to 98%).