Amnesic shellfish poison
- 作者：Jeffery ; B. ; Barlow ; T. ; Moizer ; K. ; Paul ; S. ; Boyle ; C.
- 关键词：ASP ; amnesic shellfish poisoning ; i.p. ; intraperitoneal ; i.v. ; intravenous ; s.c. ; subcutaneous ; NOAEL ; no observed adverse effect level ; LOAEL ; lowest observable adverse effect level ; HPLC ; high performance liquid chromatography ; GC-MS ; gas chromatography
- 刊名：Food and Chemical Toxicology
- 出版年：2004
- 期刊代码：20_02786915
- 类别：pha
- 出版时间：April, 2004
- 卷：42
- 期：4
- 页码：545-557
- 文件大小：276 K
摘要
Amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) is caused by consumption of shellfish that have accumulated domoic acid, a neurotoxin produced by some strains of phytoplankton. The neurotoxic properties of domoic acid result in neuronal degeneration and necrosis in specific regions of the hippocampus. A serious outbreak of ASP occurred in Canada in 1987 and involved 150 reported cases, 19 hospitalisations and 4 deaths after consumption of contaminated mussels. Symptoms ranged from gastrointestinal disturbances, to neurotoxic effects such as hallucinations, memory loss and coma. Monitoring programmes are in place in numerous countries worldwide and closures of shellfish harvesting areas occur when domoic acid concentrations exceed regulatory limits. This paper reviews the chemistry, sources, metabolism and toxicology of domoic acid as well as human case reports of ASP and discusses a possible mechanism of toxicity.