• 作者：Juan Francisco Sá ; nchez Muñ ; oz-Torrero^a ; ^{juanf.sanchezm@gmail.com} ; Leandro Crespo^a ; J.M. Ramí ; rez^b ; Felipe Á ; lvarez^a ; Juan Luengo^a ; Jesú ; s Mateos^c ; Nicolá ; s Roberto Robles^d ; José ; Zamorano^e ; Alberto Costo^a
• 关键词：Consejo nutricional simple ; Factores de riesgo vascular ; Dieta mediterrá ; nea
• 刊名：Cl铆nica e Investigaci贸n en Arteriosclerosis
• 出版年：2011
• 期刊代码：pca88_02149168
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：January-February 2011
• 卷：23
• 期：1
• 页码：8-14
• 文件大小：171 K

Objective

We conducted a prospective randomized trial in patients at high cardiovascular (CV) risk to assess the effectiveness of advice on the Mediterranean diet in reducing this risk, presented in two different ways.

Methods

A total of 188 patients were randomly allocated to either group 1 (n=86), who were given short dietary advice, or group 2 (n=102), who were given more complex counseling about the Mediterranean diet. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated by a 14-item questionnaire. Changes in baseline CV risk factors and dietary adherence rates per self-report was ascertained after 24 weeks.

Results

Compliance with the Mediterranean diet improved in both groups. The food questionnaire score [baseline versus 24 weeks: mean, 95%confidence interval (CI)] was as follows: group 1: 9.8 (9.4 to 10.2) versus 11.4 (11.1 to 11.7) and group 2: 9.6 (9.2 to 9.9) versus 11.5 (11.0 to 11.9), p<0.001, with no differences between the two groups. Compliance was better with whole-grain cereals and nuts. An increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels at the end of the trial was observed in both groups (differences in mg/dl, 95%CI): group 1: 2.9 (0.01 to 5.8) and group 2: 2.3 (0.4 to 4.3), p<0.05 for both groups, with no differences. Other CV risk factors were unmodified.

Conclusions

Providing short and simple written advice on the Mediterranean diet in the hospital setting to patients with high CV risk improved lipid profiles and was as effective as more detailed advice. Some of the benefits observed may have been due to greater intake of nuts and whole-grain cereals.