• 作者：Paloma Sá ; nchez-Fayos Calabuig ; ^{palomasanchezfayos@wanadoo.es} ; M. Jesú ; s Martí ; n Relloso ; Juan Carlos Porres Cubero
• 关键词：Gastritis cr&oacute ; nica ; Heliocobacter pylori ; Antiinflamatorios no esteroideos ; Gastritis cr&oacute ; nica autoinmune
• 刊名：Gastroenterolog铆a y Hepatolog铆a
• 出版年：2009
• 期刊代码：pca167_02105705
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：April 2009
• 卷：32
• 期：4
• 页码：294-306
• 文件大小：393 K

There are several causes of damage and regeneration of the gastric epithelium (erosive gastropathy) and/or histological inflammation of the gastric mucosa (acute or chronic gastritis). After outlining the usual morphology of chronic gastritis, the authors attempt to identify the biological profile of the main pathogenic models. The first, and by far the most frequent, is the model associated with Helicobacter pylori, which, without crossing the mucosal epithelium, provokes an immune reaction. Although incapable of eradicating this bacterium, this immune reaction contributes to the inflammatory lesion provoked by H. pylori in the mucosa. The second 鈥攁nd much less frequent鈥?model is that causing progressive atrophic gastritis through a humoral and cellular autoimmune mechanism. In third place are a group of models defined by a peculiar cytohistologic pattern of inflammation (granulomatous, lymphocytic or eosinophilic gastritis), suggesting similar pathogenic mechanisms for each of these rare morphological forms of gastritis. Lastly, there is a model barely fitting within the scope of this review, which is that provoking chemical gastropathies (bile reflux, NSAIDs, etc.) with minimal cellular inflammation, i.e., minimal gastritis. To aid understanding of the article, the authors provide a brief outline of the functional histology of the gastric wall and the mechanisms defending its integrity in physiological conditions.