Prevalence and risk of violence against adults with disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

详细信息	查看全文 | 推荐本文 |

• 作者：Karen Hughes ; PhD^a ; Prof Mark A Bellis ; DSc^a ; ^{m.a.bellis@ljmu.ac.uk} ; Lisa Jones ; BSc^a ; Sara Wood ; MSc^a ; Geoff Bates ; MSc^a ; Lindsay Eckley ; PhD^a ; Ellie McCoy ; MSc^a ; Christopher Mikton ; PhD^b ; Tom Shakespeare ; PhD^b ; Alana Officer ; MPH^b
• 刊名：The Lancet
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：182_01406736
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：28 April-4 May, 2012
• 卷：379
• 期：9826
• 页码：1621-1629
• 文件大小：261 K

摘要

| Figures/TablesFigures/Tables | ReferencesReferences

Summary

Background

About 15%of adults worldwide have a disability. These individuals are frequently reported to be at increased risk of violence, yet quantitative syntheses of studies of this issue are scarce. We aimed to quantify violence against adults with disabilities.

Methods

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched 12 electronic databases to identify primary research studies published between Jan 1, 1990, and Aug 17, 2010, reporting prevalence estimates of violence against adults (aged mainly 鈮?8 years) with disabilities, or their risk of violence compared with non-disabled adults. We included only studies reporting violence occurring within the 12 months before the study. We assessed studies with six core quality criteria, and pooled data for analysis.

Findings

Of 10鈥?63 references initially identified, 26 were eligible for inclusion, with data for 21鈥?57 individuals with disabilities. 21 studies provided data suitable for meta-analysis of prevalence of violence, and ten for meta-analysis of risks of violence. Pooled prevalence of any (physical, sexual, or intimate partner) recent violence was 24路3%(95%CI 18路3-31路0) in people with mental illnesses, 6路1%(2路5-11路1) in those with intellectual impairments, and 3路2%(2路5-4路1) in those with non-specific impairments. We identified substantial heterogeneity in most prevalence estimates (I² >75%). We noted large uncertainty around pooled risk estimates. Pooled crude odds ratios for the risk of violence in disabled compared with non-disabled individuals were 1路50 (95%CI 1路09-2路05) for all studies combined, 1路31 (0路93-1路84) for people with non-specific impairments, 1路60 (1路05-2路45) for people with intellectual impairments, and 3路86 (0路91-16路43) for those with mental illnesses.

Interpretation

Adults with disabilities are at a higher risk of violence than are non-disabled adults, and those with mental illnesses could be particularly vulnerable. However, available studies have methodological weaknesses and gaps exist in the types of disability and violence they address. Robust studies are absent for most regions of the world, particularly low-income and middle-income countries.

Funding

WHO Department of Violence and Injury Prevention and Disability.