Diverse functions of RNase L and implications in pathology
- 作者：Catherine Bisbal ; Robert H. Silverman
- 关键词：Interferon ; RNase L ; RNA expression ; Apoptosis ; Prostate ; Virus ; Cancer
- 刊名：Biochimie
- 出版年：2007
- 期刊代码：24_03009084
- 类别：bio
- 出版时间：June-July 2007
- 卷：89
- 期：6-7
- 页码：789-798
- 文件大小：252 K
摘要
The endoribonuclease L (RNase L) is the effector of the 2-5A system, a major enzymatic pathway involved in the molecular mechanism of interferons (IFNs). RNase L is a very unusual nuclease with a complex mechanism of regulation. It is a latent enzyme, expressed in nearly every mammalian cell type. Its activation requires its binding to a small oligonucleotide, 2-5A. 2-5A is a series of unique 5′-triphosphorylated oligoadenylates with 2′-5′ phosphodiester bonds. By regulating viral and cellular RNA expression, RNase L plays an important role in the antiviral and antiproliferative activities of IFN and contributes to innate immunity and cell metabolism. The 2-5A/RNase L pathway is implicated in mediating apoptosis in response to viral infections and to several types of external stimuli. Several recent studies have suggested that RNase L could have a role in cancer biology and evidence of a tumor suppressor function of RNase L has emerged from studies on the genetics of hereditary prostate cancer.