X-ray coherent scattering in metal physics

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• 作者：Fré ; dé ; ric Livet^a ; ^{frederic.livet@simap.grenoble-inp.fr} ; Mark Sutton^b
• 关键词：Coherent scattering ; Speckles ; X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy ; Fluctuation dynamics
• 刊名：Comptes Rendus Physique
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：117_16310705
• 类别：ms
• 出版时间：April, 2012
• 卷：13
• 期：3
• 页码：227-236
• 文件大小：1428 K

摘要

In a coherent x-ray scattering experiment, interference of the waves diffracted across the sample is observed. This gives a speckle pattern in the observed scattering intensity, whereas a standard experiment leads to diffuse intensity or to broadening of a Bragg peak. Speckles correspond to the disorder configuration of the irradiated volume and their dynamics provide microscopic information of the time evolution of the sample microstructure.

After a brief description of the techniques used for the observation of speckles in an x-ray experiment, some examples of measured time dynamics are given. These concern reversible fluctuations and irreversible decomposition of unmixing or ordering alloys. A few experiments in defect imaging are described and the studies opened by free electron lasers are briefly discussed.