Phase behavior of phytosterols and cholesterol in carbon dioxide-expanded ethanol

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• 作者：Feral Temelli^a ; ^b ; ^{feral.temelli@ualberta.ca} ; Alba Có ; rdoba^c ; ^a ; Elisa Elizondo^a ; ^c ; Mary Cano-Sarabia^a ; ^c ; Jaume Veciana^a ; ^c ; Nora Ventosa^a ; ^c ; ^{ventosa@icmab.es}
• 关键词：Cholesterol ; Compressed fluids ; Gas-expanded liquids ; Phase behavior ; Phytosterols ; Solubility ; Vanishing point
• 刊名：The Journal of Supercritical Fluids
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：60_08968446
• 类别：ce
• 出版时间：March, 2012
• 卷：63
• 期：Complete
• 页码：59-68
• 文件大小：780 K

摘要

Phytosterols have been receiving increasing attention due to their demonstrated health benefits. Micronization of phytosterol particles is desirable to enhance their physiological efficacy. To take advantage of compressed fluid-based technologies for micronization, solubility information is needed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the phase behavior of phytosterols in CO₂-expanded ethanol at temperatures of 25 掳C and 35 掳C and 10 MPa and compare it to that of cholesterol. A high pressure system equipped with a variable volume cell was used to establish the phase behavior based on the 鈥渧anishing point鈥?technique. A UV/Vis spectrophotometer was also used to follow the phase transitions in addition to visual observations. CO₂ acted as a co-solvent at concentrations of up to 鈭?.8 mole fraction. The solubility of phytosterols in CO₂-expanded ethanol increased with temperature. At 35 掳C, phytosterol solubility was lower than that for cholesterol, mainly due to their larger molecular weight and the presence of hydrophobic side groups in their structure. The Wubbolts model described the experimental data well. Findings of the study provide the basis for process development for micronization of phytosterols using CO₂-expanded ethanol.