The occurrence of protruding pistil in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) and its consequence on fertilization

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• 作者：Caixi Zhang^a ; ^b ; Matthew Whiting^b ; ^{mdwhiting@wsu.edu}
• 关键词：Protruding pistil ; Adaptation ; Fruit set ; Pollination ; Anther position ; Temperature ; Prunus avium
• 刊名：Scientia Horticulturae
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：93_03044238
• 类别：abs
• 出版时间：1 June, 2012
• 卷：140
• 期：Complete
• 页码：149-156
• 文件大小：711 K

摘要

This research studied the incidence of sweet cherry flowers with protruding pistil, its relation to air temperature during flowering, and whether fruit set was affected by this condition. The incidence of protruding pistil in the field varied from 0%to ca. 23%among 19 genotypes. 鈥楽weetheart鈥? 鈥楲apins鈥? and 鈥楻ainier鈥?where the only cultivars exhibiting flowers with protruding pistils. The duration between initial protrusion of the pistil and full opening, for individual flowers, ranged from 4 to 8 days. This variability was due to weather conditions during bloom, genotype, and flower position on the tree. Filament growth occurred generally before the flower opened, whereas pistil growth was not complete until the 鈥榩opcorn鈥?stage of flowering. Interestingly, flowers with protruding pistil had similar fruit set potential to normal flowers. Controlled environment studies revealed a negative relationship between air temperature and the incidence of protruding pistils. This is likely due to growth of petals and pedicels being more sensitive to cold temperature than pistil growth. Low temperature reduced petal size but not stylar length. The length of exposed pistil varied among cultivars, however, after anthesis, anthers extended beyond the stigma in most genotypes, irrespective of the presence of a protruding pistil.