Cold start characteristics and freezing mechanism dependence on start-up temperature in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
- 作者：Yutaka Tabe ; tabe@eng.hokudai.ac.jp ; Masataka Saito ; Kaoru Fukui ; Takemi Chikahisa
- 关键词：PEM fuel cell ; Cold start ; Freezing ; Ice ; Direct observation ; Performance deterioration
- 刊名：Journal of Power Sources
- 出版年：2012
- 期刊代码：58_03787753
- 类别：ce
- 出版时间：15 June, 2012
- 卷：208
- 期：Complete
- 页码：366-373
- 文件大小：1524 K
摘要
Cold start characteristics of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell are investigated experimentally, and microscopic observations are conducted to clarify the freezing mechanism in the cell. The results show that the freezing mechanism can be classified into two types: freezing in the cathode catalyst layer at very low temperature like 鈭?0 掳C, and freezing due to supercooled water at the interface between the catalyst layer and the gas diffusion layer near 0 掳C like 鈭?0 掳C. The amount of water produced during the cold start is related to the initial wetness condition of the polymer electrolyte membrane, because water absorption by the membrane due to back diffusion plays an important role to prevent the water from freezing. It is also shown that after the shutdown of the cold start the cell performance of a subsequent operation at 30 掳C is temporarily deteriorated after the freezing at 鈭?0 掳C, but not after the freezing at 鈭?0 掳C. The ice formed at the interface between the catalyst layer and the gas diffusion layer is estimated to cause the temporary deterioration, and the function of a micro porous layer coating the gas diffusion layer for the ice formation is also discussed.