Experimental observations of air–sea parameters and fluxes associated with anomalous event in the Indian Ocean during 1997–1998 El Niño period
- 作者：Ramana ; M.V. ; Krishnan ; Praveena ; Muraleedharan Nair ; S. ; Kunhikrishnan ; P.K.
- 关键词：Air&ndash ; sea fluxes ; Walker circulation ; Air&ndash ; sea interface ; Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) ; INDOEX
- 刊名：Atmospheric Research
- 出版年：2004
- 期刊代码：10_01698095
- 类别：ear
- 出版时间：April, 2004
- 卷：70
- 期：1
- 页码：21-32
- 文件大小：568 K
摘要
This paper describes the variation of air–sea parameters and fluxes during winter months of 1997 (pre-INDOEX) and 1998 (INDOEX-FFP) using ship-based in situ measurements in the latitude range 15°N to 20°S over the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. The 1998 cruise period coincided with one of the strongest El Niño events in the decade over the Pacific Ocean. The tropical Indian Ocean underwent a highly anomalous series of events during 1998 with warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly over 2 °C during February 1998 and easterly winds associated with the reversed Walker circulation. In situ observations during 1998 cruise period show that the winds in the Indian Ocean region had basically resumed their climatological state as of March 15, 1998 with lesser wind speeds as El Niño waned. However, the sea surface temperatures in Indian Ocean were found to be high even though climatological state had resumed. The present results are the observational evidence to show that the reduced latent heat flux due to low wind speeds could have contributed to the surface warming in the Indian Ocean. The sensible heat and latent heat fluxes are found to be high during anomalous period due to higher sea surface temperature and wind speeds in comparison to the normal period.