One hundred twenty-nine schizophrenia patients who showed poor response to treatment were ascertained from a national register and matched by gender, age and education to 129 patients who showed adequate response. The groups were compared on premorbid measures of behavioral and intellectual functions.
As a group, treatment-resistant male patients had significantly lower (worse) social functioning [p = 0.002], and individual autonomy [p < 0.0001] scores before the onset of the illness compared to treatment non-resistant patients. Male and female treatment-resistant patients did not differ from non-resistant patients in premorbid intellectual functioning [p > 0.1].
Low premorbid social functioning and individual autonomy, but not intellectual functioning, could serve as predictors of poor treatment response in schizophrenia.