The role of copper on colour of palaeo-Christian glass mosaic tesserae: An XAS study

详细信息	查看全文 | 推荐本文 |

• 作者：Alberta Silvestri^a ; ^{alberta.silvetri@unipd.it} ; Serena Tonietto^a ; ¹ ; ^{serena.tonietto@unipd.it} ; Francesco D&rsquo ; Acapito^b ; ² ; ^{dacapito@esrf.fr} ; Gianmario Molin^a ; ³ ; ^{gianmario.molin@unipd.it}
• 关键词：Glass ; Mosaic tesserae ; Colour ; Copper ; XAS ; EMPA
• 刊名：Journal of Cultural Heritage
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：11_12962074
• 类别：art
• 出版时间：April-June, 2012
• 卷：13
• 期：2
• 页码：137-144
• 文件大小：862 K

摘要

This work reports mainly the results of an X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) study carried out on coloured glass tesserae from the palaeo-Christian mosaic which decorated the votive chapel of St. Prosdocimus (Padova) until its replacement with the current frescoes of Renaissance age, and which is one of the only two known mosaics in the Veneto region (Italy). The study aims at clarifying how the different local structure, oxidation state and quantity of copper influenced colour. Analysis of high-resolution Cu-K edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) and Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) spectra showed that copper is present as cuprite (Cu₂O) in orange samples and as metallic copper in red and brown ones. These phases are responsible for both the colour and opacity of the samples. In addition, Cu¹⁺ ions linked to the oxygen atoms of the glass framework were identified in ratios of about 60%and 30%of total copper in orange and red/brown samples, respectively. In blue and green samples, copper is dispersed in the glass matrix as a mixture of Cu¹⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions, and no crystalline phases are visible. In this context, the Cu¹⁺ and Cu²⁺ contents in glass were also quantified thanks to suitable standards, demonstrating that, when Cu²⁺ is the main chromophorous ion, colour intensity is directly correlated to its content in the glass. In particular, in green and blue samples, coloured by copper, Cu²⁺ content varies from 26%to 56%of total copper, and the higher contents of Cu²⁺ are shown by more intensely coloured samples. It should be stressed here that the green colour of the analysed tesserae is given by the physical interaction of blue colour, due to Cu²⁺ ions, and yellow colour, due to Pb antimonates used as opacifiers.