Amine oxidases in apoptosis and cancer

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• 作者：Antonio Toninello ; Paola Pietrangeli ; Umberto De Marchi ; Mauro Salvi and Bruno Mondovì
• 关键词：Amine oxidase ; Apoptosis ; Cancer ; Polyamine ; Aldehyde ; Oxygen free radical ; Hydrogen peroxide
• 刊名：Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Reviews on Cancer
• 出版年：2006
• 期刊代码：23_0304419x
• 类别：bio
• 出版时间：January 2006
• 卷：1765
• 期：1
• 页码：1-13
• 文件大小：210 K

摘要

Amine oxidases, the major enzymes of biogenic amines metabolism, are considered to be biological regulators, especially for cell growth and differentiation. A primary involvement of amine oxidases in cancer growth inhibition and progression, especially by means of aldehydes, H₂O₂ and other reactive oxygen species, the amine oxidase-mediated products of biogenic amines oxidation, has been demonstrated.

Amine oxidases are involved in cancer growth inhibition because of the higher content in tumour cells of biogenic amines in comparison to normal cells. The cytotoxic effect can be explained by a damage to cell membranes and/or nuclei or, indirectly, through modulation of membrane permeability transition and therefore apoptosis. The oxidation products of biogenic amines appears to be also carcinogenic, while acrolein, produced from the oxidation of spermine and spermidine, should be a key compound both carcinogenic and cytotoxic. The cancer inhibition/promotion effect of amine oxidases could be explained by taking into consideration the full pattern of the enzyme content of the cell. The balance of amine oxidases and antioxidant enzymes appear to be a crucial point for cancer inhibition or progression. A long lasting imbalance of these enzymes appears to be carcinogenic, while, for a short time, amine oxidases are cytotoxic for cancer cells.